Runs off the bat (1,2,3)
The most common way of scoring runs is by either batsman hitting the ball and then running between the wickets.
The two batsmen have to change ends, each grounding their bat beyond the crease at the end that they are running to.
If in the process of turning to go for another run either batsman fails to ground his bat then a ‘run short’ is signalled by the umpire.
This knocks a run off the score and is signalled by the umpire touching one shoulder with the hand of the same arm.
