But Britain's Martin Lee is out after a 4-6 6-7 defeat at the hands of Chile's Nicolas Massu.
Chang fought off two set points in the first set against Black before racing through the second to win 7-6 6-1.
The American is coming to the end of his career but admits he has been lifted by the success of Wimbledon champion Goran Ivanisevic.
"He came from absolutely nowhere. It's just a great tennis story and quite an inspiration," said Chang.
"I don't know for sure if I'll be playing much past this year but as long as I'm working hard and having fun, I'm not ready to go yet."
Chang, who won his only Grand Slam title in 1989 at the French Open, looked to be struggling when Black led 6-4 in the first-set tiebreak
But a run of groundstroke errors by Black gave the American a chance to serve out the set.
Despite missing a number of chances, Chang was able to outlast his opponent and force a forehand error to end the tiebreaker.
From there Chang, who has won this tournament twice, broke serve in the first, fifth and final games of the second set to close out the match.
Cecil Mamit was another first round winner beating Justin Gimelstob 6-3 6-2 while Peter Wessels of the Netherlands beat Italy's Gianluca Pozzi 7-6 6-4.