Dwight Howard scored 22 points and was one of five players to score in double figures as the US team crushed Germany 106-57 to finish top of Group B.
The Redeem Team, as they have become known, will now face Australia in Wednesday's basketball quarter-finals.
Australia won 106-75 against Lithuania, who had already secured top spot in Group A and a tie with China.
Greece beat China 91-77 and will face Argentina, while Croatia earned a tie with Spain by beating Iran 91-57.
LeBron James added 18 points for USA, whose victory eliminated Germany. Team USA have averaged a 32-point win in their five group games and are strong favourites for the gold.
Andrew Bogut led Australia with 23 points against Lithuania, while Greece's heroes against China were Ioannis Bouroussis and Vassilis Spanoulis, who scored 19 points each. Local hero Yao Ming played only 18 minutes in China's defeat and reacted angrily when benched by China's Lithuanian coach Jonas Kazlauskas.
"If we'd been closer to Greece he'd have played longer minutes," said Kazlauskas after Yao had stormed off after the final buzzer. "But he's a player, I'm the coach. I make the decisions."
Spain recovered from their hammering by the US two days ago with an easy 98-50 win over Angola. LA Lakers centre Pau Gasol led the Spaniards with 31 points, despite playing just 24 minutes.
Croatia, too, had an easy time in their final group game after restricting Iran to just 16 first-half points. Marin Rozic and Marko Tomas scored 16 points each for Croatia.
Defending Olympic champions Argentina, watched by football legend Diego Maradona, beat Russia 91-79 as forward Luis Scola scored 37 points.
Russia, the reigning European champions, went out of the tournament with only a single win to their names.
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