Petrov is suspended for the latter two matches in any case but O'Neill is annoyed that the Bulgarian FA would have called up Petrov whether he was banned for the league games or not.
O'Neill's side enjoyed a 100% record in December as they extended their lead at the top of the SPL to nine points with Larsson scoring six goals, including a hat-trick against Aberdeen.
The Celtic boss is unhappy with the Bulgarian FA who have demanded the release of Stilian Petrov for a friendly international this month.
The 21-year-old will miss the Scottish Cup tie against Stranraer as a result as well as the league games against St Johnstone and Hearts.
Petrov is suspended for the latter two matches in any case but O'Neill is annoyed that the Bulgarian FA would have called up Petrov whether he was banned for the league games or not.
"I am allowing Stilian to go back to Bulgaria but I must admit that I am not happy about the situation," said O'Neill.
"I will be speaking to the Bulgarian FA in due course to make the point that we pay the player's wage and it is unacceptable to us that he should be taken away from us at such a vital stage in the season."
Midfielder Paul Lambert, meanwhile, has stated that he will bide his time on the sidelines if the team continues to do well without him.
"The important thing is the team keep the run going and if that's without me then great," said Lambert.
"It's been three months since I last played so for me now the important thing is not to be in the side, but to get back in full training and be fit again."
Lambert dismissed suggestions there was no room in the team for both him and Neil Lennon before admitting that he fancied ending his career in the States.
"It's a great place and you've got everything here you could ever want," he added.
"It is a brilliant place when you see it and the weather and the facilities are great."