Neill Collins grabbed the only goal of the game late on as Wolves got the win they needed to stretch their lead at the top of the table to seven points.
Collins, only involved because Michael Mancienne pulled out shortly before kick-off due to injury, headed in from Michael Kightly's cross on 81 minutes.
However, it was a scarcely-deserved win after Doncaster dominated proceedings.
Paul Heffernan came closest to a Rovers goal when he hit the bar with a shot, but the hosts could not break through.
Doncaster manager Sean O'Driscoll:
"We deserved something from the game and I am beyond frustrated.
"I have been disappointed and frustrated for a long time. But we just have to concentrate on the positives.
"Wolves are my boyhood team and I support them. I would like them to go up because Mick is doing a decent job.
"They are not one of those teams that put fear into you with the names in their team but they play for each other and are difficult opponents."
Wolves boss Mick McCarthy: "One the lads said afterwards that it could be one of the best wins of the season and I think it could be.
"It was a fantastic result against a Doncaster side who are well organised and well coached.
"They are good in possession and always have been. The first half was really even and they perhaps just shaded it.
Doncaster: Sullivan, Van Nieuwstadt, Lockwood (Taylor 83), Hird, O'Connor, Chambers, Wellens, Stock, Spicer, Guy (Elliott 77), Heffernan (Ameobi 77).
Subs Not Used: Roberts, Nelthorpe.
Wolverhampton: Hennessey, Foley, Stearman, Collins, Hill (Jarvis 46), Kightly, Henry, Edwards, Ward, Keogh (Iwelumo 46), Ebanks-Blake (Vokes 68).
Subs Not Used: Ikeme, Shackell.
Booked: Kightly, Collins.
Goals: Collins 81.
Att: 13,669
Ref: Kevin Wright (Cambridgeshire).
~RS~q~RS~~RS~z~RS~06~RS~)