R&A tightens etiquette rules

The R&A clubhouse is one of golf's most recognisable landmarks

Golf's world governing body has announced a revised edition of the playing rules, taking a tougher stance on player etiquette and "the spirit of the game".

The Royal & Ancient's new rules, which come into effect from 1 January 2004, will include an expanded section on player behaviour and introduce the ultimate sanction of disqualification for a serious breach of etiquette.

"I think there was a concern that standards have fallen," said R&A rules secretary David Rickman.

"We set our standards high, and we make no apology for that. We simply want to ensure that this remains the case.

The game relies on the integrity of the individual to show consideration for other players and to abide by the rules Extract from The Rules of Golf

"In an essentially self-regulating sport, players need the rules readily available and as simple to understand as we can make them."

For the first time, a paragraph detailing the "spirit of the game" has been added to the rules.

"The game relies on the integrity of the individual to show consideration for other players and to abide by the rules," it reads.

"All players should conduct themselves in a disciplined manner, demonstrating courtesy and sportsmanship at all times, irrespective of how competitive they may be. This is the spirit of the game of golf."

Other rule changes introduced include increasing the maximum value of a prize won by an amateur golfer at an event from 435 to 725 euros and allowing professionals to return to amateur status after two, rather than three, years.

The Rules of Golf is believed to be the most widely read rule book in sport, with the new edition published in 21 languages.

Golf's rules are reviewed every four years and are the joint responsibility of the R&A and the United States Golf Association.