He moved back to Switzerland with Neuchatel where the much-travelled Hodgson had been manager between 1990 and 1992.
Zuberbuhler, who has 51 caps for his country, is likely to provide cover for Australian international Mark Schwarzer, who signed on a free transfer from Middlesbrough in June.
"I know the situation here with the goalkeepers," said Zuberbuhler.
"I've known Mark for a long time and played against him in the past. I know he's the number one, but I'm here to give my best so that, in the end, the team is successful. That's my mentality.
"If I sign a contract with a club I want to be successful. I want to do everything possible to help Fulham have a good season - that's my number one aim."
Zuberbuhler joins Fredrik Stoor, Schwarzer, Andranik Teymourian, Zoltan Gera, David Stockdale, Toni Kallio and Bobby Zamora and John Pantsil in joining the Craven Cottage squad this summer.
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