But getting all the different groups of people at the meeting to agree on a future government could be really tough.
An important group - the Supreme Council for the Islamic Revolution in Iraq (SCIRI) - refused to go to the meeting.
They don't trust the US and think it's going to try and put in place a government that will be pro-American.
Anti-American protests
The group is made up of Shia Muslims, who are the biggest group of people in the Iraqi population.