Military innovations
Vertical take-off and landing was a significant breakthrough in aviation refinement.
First developed in the 1950s, the Harrier jump-jet (top) flew for real in 1966, entering RAF service three years later.
Its manoeuvrability and ability to take off from aircraft carriers made it a key weapon in the Falklands war in 1982.
A decade on, the US Air Force employed the B-2 Stealth bomber and F117 Fighter (below), which could penetrate sophisticated air defences at a range of altitudes and over immense distances.