The regular troops are responsible for overall security. Some are posted in camouflaged watchtowers, usually positioned overlooking each end of the checkpoint. Others patrol the crossing itself, direct traffic and search vehicles travelling from the Palestinian to the Israeli side.

The reservists are responsible for checking IDs and questioning people leaving the Palestinian area.

Recent years have seen some serious attacks on soldiers manning checkpoints, including a shooting attack in which 10 people, including seven soldiers, were killed in March 2002.

There are many Israeli roadblocks which are physical barriers to vehicles, but which are not under full-time guard by troops. When these are not guarded, Palestinians can still cross by foot. At other times, however, these roadblocks may be completely closed by the army.