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Fidel Castro's Soviet alliance brought trade with the Communist bloc and annual subsidies of up to $6bn.

It also brought a commercial, economic and financial embargo by the US.

The embargo and the Soviet collapse in 1989, led to recession and the start of what Mr Castro termed a 'Special Period' of austerity.

Cuba says the embargo - repeatedly condemned by the UN - has cost it billions of dollars and led to shortages of food, medicines and goods.

The island relies heavily on tourism and nickel exports but is attracting non-US investment which has helped boost economic growth.

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