1900 1994 1991 2004 2007 1992 1989 1973 - 1986 1957 1945 1938 - 1940 1949 1941 - 1943 1914 1917 - 1925 1912 - 1914

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1949
Much of Eastern Europe effectively becomes an extension of a massively expanded Soviet Empire.

In April 1949, the North Atlantic Treaty Organisation (Nato) is formed by 10 Western European states, the US and Canada to provide a military framework for co-operation in the face of what is seen as a common enemy.

Relations between the West and the Soviet Union are plunged into a freeze - the Cold War.

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