British Broadcasting Corporation

US elections 2008
Vote USA 2008

Election issues guide

Find out where the main candidates running for the presidency stand on a range of key issues

Republican

John McCain

Iraq

Iran

National security

Climate change

Healthcare

Illegal immigration

Abortion

Economy

John McCainArizona senator and Vietnam war hero would be oldest man to become president.
Voted for 2003 invasion and backed Bush troop escalation. Had said US forces should remain until Iraq is able to defend itself, but now predicts under his presidency most would have withdrawn by 2013.
Would focus on trying to get a league of democracies to escalate economic sanctions against Iran. Refuses to rule out military solution if necessary to prevent a nuclear-armed Iran. No unconditional diplomacy.
Argues his military background equips him to safeguard national security. A former Vietnam POW, he has sought to prevent the CIA using "cruel, inhumane or degrading treatment".
Says climate change is real and devastating. Says US should consider joining with every other nation in the world to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, if China and India join in.
Has highlighted his record on supporting health care for military veterans. Favours tax incentives to encourage people to get personal health insurance.
Co-sponsor of bill which offered an amnesty to illegal immigrants as well as tougher border controls. Says undocumented workers already in the US should be put on path to citizenship.
Wants to overturn the 1973 Supreme Court ruling that legalised abortion, Roe v Wade, but was supportive in the past. Would aid state efforts to boost adoption. Backed 2007 ruling banning late-term abortions.
Would cut taxes on middle-class families by abolishing the Alternative Minimum tax. Would keep Bush tax cuts, but reduce government spending. Wants to reform social security and healthcare.

Democratic

Hillary Clinton

Hillary ClintonThe senator and ex-First Lady began as the frontrunner for the Democrats.
Voted for the 2003 invasion. Says she would have acted differently had she known what she knows now. Against surge strategy. For phased redeployment of troops and a cap on numbers.
Opposes military action against Iran without congressional approval. Wants to try diplomacy and sanctions before using force. Reluctant to meet Iranian leaders before they make concessions.
Backed the Patriot Act, which granted the government unprecedented powers to investigate terror suspects. Says if America were attacked, she would not shy away from "a military response", if appropriate.
Would agree limits on US carbon emissions, as part of post-Kyoto deal. Wants tougher energy and car efficiency standards and more funding for green research, aiming at energy independence.
Advocates universal healthcare coverage through compulsory health insurance subsidised for poor people. As First Lady, she oversaw an unsuccessful project to give full cover to all Americans.
Backs full immigration reform, including tighter borders, tougher penalties for employers who hire undocumented workers and steps to bring the estimated 12m illegal immigrants "out of the shadows".
Says a woman's right to choose is a fundamental constitutional right. Latterly talks more about the role of faith, values and education in preventing unwanted pregnancies in the first place.
Says rising pay inequality is damaging America's middle and working class. Would cut tax benefits to big companies and invest in jobs. Has spoken against free trade pacts.

Barack Obama

Barack ObamaThe Illinois senator promises "change" and would be the first black US president.
Opposed the war in Iraq from the outset and says there is "no military solution". Opposed "surge" strategy. Backs phased withdrawal of US forces - with all troops out of combat operations within 16 months of taking office.
Favours "aggressive personal diplomacy". Would meet Iranian leaders without preconditions. He says they would change their behaviour if given incentives to do so. Military option not off the table.
Says Bush foreign policy has put US at more risk; would build alliances. Wants increased national security funding to be allocated to areas most at risk of attack.
Wants an 80% cut in US greenhouse gas emissions by 2050. Wants US to lead global effort to combat climate change. Would invest $150bn over 10 years in clean energy.
Backs universal coverage but would not make insurance compulsory, except for children. Subsidies would make cover more affordable and insurers would be unable to refuse coverage because of pre-existing conditions.
Wants US-Mexico border better policed and backs stricter penalties for employers who hire undocumented workers. Argues that giving illegal immigrants a path to citizenship is not an amnesty if they pay a fine.
Trusts women to make their own choices on abortion "in conjunction with their doctors and their families and their clergy". Criticised Supreme Court decision to uphold ban on late-term abortion.
Would use targeted tax relief to help middle-class families cope with rising costs and stagnant pay. Would repeal Bush tax cuts for rich households. Wants to reform healthcare and renegotiate free trade deals.



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