Thousands of people will be having their rubbish monitored by wheelie bins fitted with micro chips.
South Kesteven District Council is delivering the first of 112,000 new bins, which cost £15 each, this week.
A council in Bournemouth was criticised recently for rolling out micro-chipped bins without telling residents.
The Lincolnshire council, the first in the county to use the bins, said the chips will show how much people are throwing away and recycling.
"If your bin is emptied at 8.30am then we will know exactly how much it contained"
The bins are weighed by the bin lorry's lifting equipment and the information is sent immediately to computers in the council offices.
The council can tell precisely how much waste is being collected and where it is coming from by using the data from the microchip.
Council spokeswoman Dawn Temple added: "If your bin is emptied at 8.30am then we will know exactly how much it contained and monitor if our crews are doing their job properly."
She said residents who recycle could receive a financial reward.
Those who do not recycle efficiently will be offered help and advice but they will not be fined.
Councils face fines of up to £150 per tonne of rubbish if they fail to meet targets under the EU landfill directive.
The council's new bins will be rolled out in phases and all of them will be in place by next July.
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