The airport expansion, fuelled by growth in low cost airlines, would mean either a new runway ending at Breachwood Green, or a runway realignment near the village of Teagreen.
Tony Barrett, a villager in Teagreen, told BBC Look East he has taken up the same fight as his father, who campaigned against expansion in the 1960's.
"Now I'm in the same position", he said.
"I'm here because I love the country, but I couldn't live here if this runway comes to Teagreen."
But local residents are split in their views on the expansion plan.
Anna Gatward, a jeweller in nearby Hitchen, said another runway could have benefits as well as drawbacks.
She said: "We would gain increased business from more people being employed at Luton, but the environmental and noise issues, I think, would be a serious problem."
Super-airport plans
Villagers are stepping up their campaign as local opposition against airport expansion mounts in other areas.
People living near Heathrow and Stansted airports have also voiced opposition to airport expansion.
Councils in those areas have come out in favour of a plan to build a "super-airport" at the village of Cliffe, in Kent.
The final decision on UK airport expansion will be made next year by Transport Secretary Alistair Darling.
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