Mr Patten's book about his experiences in Asia will now be published by a rival firm, Macmillan.
It is reported that Mr Patten switched publishers to prevent censorship of certain passages concerning China.
HarperCollins is owned by the media magnate Rupert Murdoch, who has extensive business interests in China, and it is alleged that Mr Patten had been put under pressure to tone down his criticism of Beijing.
The row has led to HarperCollins' editor-in-chief leaving the company.
Contacted at his country house in France, Mr. Patten refused to give reasons for the change.
A spokeswoman for Mr Murdoch refused to comment on the reports, as has HarperCollins.
The editor in chief of Macmillan, Clare Alexander, said relations between the former governor and HarperCollins had broken down.
She said Mr Patten had been told the management did not want to publish the book without changes.
Ms Alexander described it as a "terrific and a very outspoken" work, and said Macmillan would publish it in the way Mr Patten had written it.
Since Chris Patten ended his job as Britain's last governor of Hong Kong eight months ago, he has been working on a book about his experiences in Asia.
Mr. Patten was critical of authoritarian governments in Asia, particularly in China, which refused for most of the time he was in Hong Kong to have any direct dealings with him.
In 1994, Mr Murdoch's News Corporation dropped BBC World Service television from its satellite broadcasts to China, largely because of Beijing's objections to BBC news programmes, according to a correspondent.
Patten considers London's top job
(30 Dec 97 | UK)
Former governor of Hong Kong honoured
(31 Dec 97 | World)
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Macmillan Press
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