BBC News Online: Sci/Tech

Speech gene discovered

The team who made the major breakthrough say that in time it could lead them to all the genes involved in speech and provide answers to why some people find learning languages easier than others.

The findings, published in the scientific journal Nature Genetics, could eventually have major implications for people with learning disabilities, the researchers added.

The team from the Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, and the Institute of Child Health, discovered the gene, named SPEECH 1, in a 10-year study of a family who suffer language difficulties.

Around half of the last three generations of this family, known only as the KE family, are affected by a severe speech and language disorder.

The condition makes it impossible for them to write grammatically and makes their speech very hard to understand.

The research found the defects exhibited by the family came from the SPEECH 1 gene which lies in a cluster of around 50 of a human's 50,000 genes.

One of the group's leading scientists, Dr Anthony Monaco, said: "This has been a long and complex study of a family with a rare single gene disorder affecting speech and language development.

"We have now found the area where the gene exists and we can now work towards isolating the gene.

"It is located in the same area as the gene linked to autism which is often associated with language delay and so could have very important implications for that disorder.

"We can now begin to build up a much fuller picture of various language and speech disorders, which is very encouraging."

The scientists hope that as they discover more about the gene and its close relatives, they can look for comparisons in animals and try and discover how we inherit our ability to develop language.

They hope this research will lead scientists to come up with ways to treat language and speech disorders.

How humans developed the ability to speak and communicate in a sophisticated way continues to be hotly debated. The discovery of SPEECH 1 could lead to the answer.

Internet Links

The Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics
Nature Genetics
A beginner's guide to genetics
Human Genome Mapping Project Resource Centre
Language Based Learning Disability: Research

The BBC is not responsible for the content of external internet sites.

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