Ancient Rome prospered on the plunder from its conquered enemies - and the most terrifying place in the empire was the Coliseum.
A new conservation effort is underway to safeguard the Coliseum in Rome, which is threatened by underground water, sunshine and vegetation, overwhelming corridors and chambers where gladiators once waited their turn to die.
A wooden stage is being built across one end both to protect the ruins below and to be used as a theatre for some jubilee drama productions.
Ancient Rome prospered on the plunder from its conquered enemies - and the most terrifying place in the empire was the Coliseum.
Now, new efforts are underway to safeguard the ruins of the world's most famous building.
The wooden stage is being constructed in the exact position of the Coliseum's long vanished timber floor.
Plants and water threaten the labyrinth of exposed corridors and chambers where gladiators waited before their fatal encounters.
With the new platform and other renovation, Adriano la Regina, Rome's chief of monuments, hopes visitors will understand the way the Coliseum functioned.
"It is important to give them a good demonstration of how the monument worked during the spectacles," he says.
"With all the elevators for animals and gladiators and the various activities of the spectacle."
A popular favourite
"Emperors depended crucially on the Coliseum for their popularity," according to Professor Andrew Wallace-Hadrill of the British Academy.
"Fifty-thousand people came and so popular was it that even when the emperors became Christian and tried to stop gladiatorial games, the use of the Coliseum continued until the Fifth or even the Sixth Century," he says.
"This is a place of massive bloodshed and not just the bloodshed of martyrs and gladiators."
"But enormous bloodshed of animals. That's one of the scariest things. 5,000 animals killed in the opening games alone."
Gladiators back in vogue
And the Coliseum remains big box office.
Special effects and the wizardry of British director Ridley Scott recreated the Coliseum in a new hit Hollywood film, Gladiator.
Nearby, on the Appian Way, the regeneration of the Coliseum has inspired a group of professionals to set up a gladiators' school.
It is one way of trying to lose weight - and counter the stress of modern city living.
Soon, for the first time in1,500 years, an old killing
ground will be used to stage entertainment - a handful of
plays on the new wooden stage.
A thumbs down from a theatre critic might be one result.
From an emperor, of course, it meant death.