The move comes on the eve of a Belgrade rally calling for the resignation of Yugoslav President Slobodan Milosevic.
A BBC correspondent in Belgrade says the announcement is aimed at catching those opposed to Mr Milosevic while they remain divided.
She says it has also been timed to defuse the impact of the Belgrade rally.
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More than 20,000 people took part in an opposition rally organised by the Alliance for Change coalition in the southern Serbian city of Nis on Wednesday.
Deal with opposition leader
![[ image: width=150]](/olmedia/420000/images/_424316_serb150.jpg)
BBC correspondent Jacky Rowland says the elections could also embarrass the international community, which will have to decide whether Kosovo should be included in the poll.
She says the announcement could be the result of a deal between President Milosevic and the maverick opposition leader, Vuk Draskovic.
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Mr Draskovic has already announced that he will not be speaking at Thursday's rally.
Early hints of election
He was in government with Mr Milosevic during the conflict with Nato and seems to be contemplating another deal with the president, says the BBC correspondent.
The election plans do not come as a complete surprise.
In a BBC interview earlier this month, the Socialist Party spokesman, Ivica Dacic, said his party was ready for elections, but he denied rumours that the governing coalition was drawing up an election manifesto.
However it was also reported on Wednesday that support for the opposition groupings in Serbia was growing.
An opinion poll conducted by the Belgrade-based Partner agency showed that support for the opposition Serbian Renewal Movement led by Mr Draskovic and the parties gathered around the Alliance for Change group was on the increase.
The findings of the survey were reported by Beta.
Draw for Balkan rivals
(18 Aug 99 | Europe)
Bosnian corruption report dismissed as 'lies'
(18 Aug 99 | Europe)
Kosovo Albanians call off protests
(16 Aug 99 | Europe)
Serb opposition leaders boycott rally
(14 Aug 99 | Europe)
Milosevic allies dominate new cabinet
(12 Aug 99 | Europe)
Serbian Ministry of Information
Serbian Renewal Movement
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