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Thursday, 23 August, 2001, 16:56 GMT 17:56 UK

Troops pour into Macedonia


British troops arrive at Skopje airport from Brize Norton, 23 August 2001
British paratroops began arriving on Thursday
Nato troops have begun streaming into Macedonia on a mission to collect weapons from ethnic Albanian rebels and bring an end to six months of conflict.



Macedonia now has a real opportunity... to avoid a catastrophic civil war
US State Department

The first contingent of British paratroops landed in Skopje on Thursday morning. French soldiers had arrived within hours of Wednesday's decision to proceed with the operation.

It will take 10-14 days for the full force to be deployed - after that they have just 30 days to complete their task. An advance party has been on the ground since the weekend.

Estimates of the number of weapons to be collected differ wildly

The Nato commander on the ground will make an official estimate of the number of weapons and present it to the government in Skopje, which may or may not make the figure public.


Nato force
UK leading - 1,900
France - 530
Italy - around 500
Germany - 500
Greece - 350
Netherlands - 250
Canada - 200
Spain, Turkey, Hungary, Norway, Czech Republic, Belgium - under 200 each
US - providing transport
Commander: UK's Brigadier Barney White-Spunner

Meanwhile, a brittle ceasefire between rebels and government forces is generally holding, although doubts persist over what impact Operation Essential Harvest can have, given the limited nature of Nato's disarmament role.

The official strength of the force is put at 3,500 - but the total number of troops offered by individual Nato member governments exceeds that figure.

Nato soldiers will simply receive weapons that are handed over voluntarily - they have no mandate to seize any guns.

They will be divided between four areas - one British, one French, one Italian and one Greek, with contingents from other countries being assigned to one of the four.

None of the battle group locations are in rebel-held areas.

Weapons collection could begin as early as Monday, our correspondent says.

The BBC's Paul Adams, reporting from Skopje, says much of the operation is intended to be symbolic.

Nato believes, perhaps optimistically he says, that even a limited handover of weapons by the rebels is a statement of their intent to settle differences peacefully from now on.

Risks

Senior Nato political officials are, however, still warning that the alliance's third Balkans mission is fraught with risk.

US troops at Camp Able Sentry
"We expect many, many problems... You can expect to see in the future further acts of violence," said one, Daniel Speckhard.

But the United States, which is providing several hundred troops for logistical support, says it expects the guerrillas to disarm, as they have promised.

"Macedonia now has a real opportunity... through the Nato weapons collection mission, to avoid a catastrophic civil war," State Department spokesman Philip Reeker told reporters.

The Macedonian Government has welcomed Nato's arrival and pledged to co-operate with the incoming troops.

And a BBC correspondent in Macedonia says many villagers who have been cut off by the fighting are pleased that the international presence has opened routes for food and other vital supplies to get through.

Doubts

But Russia has expressed doubts about the entire Nato operation.

Russian President Vladimir Putin said in Kiev on Thursday that it was "difficult to count on the (Albanian) fighters voluntarily giving up their weapons".

Macedonia
They have been fighting for improved rights for Macedonia's Albanian minority.

A Western-brokered peace accord - which laid the groundwork for the handover of weapons - offers just that.

It gives the Albanian language official status in areas where ethnic Albanians make up 20% or more of the population.

It also aims to make the police force more representative, and changes the country's constitution to remove references to ethnic background.


Related to this story:
Nato brings hope to Macedonia (23 Aug 01 | Europe) British troops land in Macedonia (23 Aug 01 | UK) Net boost for Macedonia troops (23 Aug 01 | UK) Is Nato's mission impossible? (22 Aug 01 | Europe) Macedonia mission 'too short' (17 Aug 01 | Europe) Rebels voice peace hopes and fears (20 Aug 01 | Europe)


Internet links: UK Ministry of Defence | Macedonian Government | Pro-NLA website | Human Rights Watch | Nato |
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