The 53-year-old rock star was accompanied by wife Jo when he entered the Priory Clinic, in Roehampton, south west London for counselling.
Wood reportedly wants to dry out before the Stones go back on the road next year for yet another world tour.
A spokesman for the guitarist said: "Ronnie has been admitted to the branch of the Priory nearest his home, and he will hopefully be returning home in a couple of weeks."
The Sun newspaper quoted a representative of the guitarist as saying: "He's been overdoing it lately and has decided enough is enough.
"He is in fine spirits and will probably be in there for three or four weeks. He has been playing hard and just wants to take a break."
Wood has been a legendary party animal since the 1960s and even had a pub built in the grounds of his mansion in Ireland.
Cocaine
He first shot to fame with Rod Stewart's band The Faces and, after the band finally drifted apart, received a call from Mick Jagger to join the Stones.
In 1975, a long-term addiction to cocaine finally took its toll when he had to have a plastic septum inserted in his nose. He later kicked the drug habit following specialist treatment in New York.
Earlier this year, Wood became involved in a scuffle with Brandon Block at the Brit Awards, throwing a drink over him before security guards moved in to pull the DJ away.
But in a recent interview, Wood suggested his hell-raising days were behind him.
He said: "I've got my own pub at the bottom of the garden.
"It's great because I don't have to go out to get drunk and have a good time. Now I just pop down the garden instead!"