English clubs' troubled travels

Manchester United fans were injured in Portugal in 1997

Supporters following English football clubs on the continent have attracted trouble ever since the birth of "the English disease" - hooliganism - in the early 1970s.

In 1975 a section of Leeds supporters rioted after their team lost the European Cup final against Bayern Munich at the Parc des Princes in Paris.

There was intermittent trouble throughout the late 70s and early 80s involving followers of Arsenal, Liverpool and West Ham, although two of England's most notorious sets of supporters - minorities from Leeds and Chelsea - were absent as their clubs floundered in the Second Division.

In 1982 a Tottenham fan was shot dead by the owner of a Brussels bar during clashes surrounding a Spurs v Anderlecht match.

Heysel legacy

But the mounting violence came to a head in 1985 when more than 30 Juventus fans are killed by a collapsing wall at the Heysel Stadium in Brussels as they fled rioting Liverpool fans shortly before the European Cup final.

Portuguese police were accused of heavy-handedness

In scenes likely to be echoed on Thursday in Istanbul, Uefa played the match despite knowing fans had been killed.

In the backlash that followed Heysel, English clubs were banned from European football for almost a decade.

When they did return, football hooliganism appeared to have been conquered.

But violence slowly re-emerged, often with the English fans in the role of the innocent party.

In 1993, Manchester United fans ran into trouble when their side played Galatasaray in Istanbul.

More than 200 fans were arrested and detained, most without any provocation, and many more were denied entry to the stadium.

Red Devils attacked in Hell

Those who did get in to the intimidating Ali Sami Yen Stadium - nicknamed Hell by the Turkish fans - found segregation did not offer them much protection from the Galatasaray supporters ,or the riot police.

Manchester United's players were also attacked, with Eric Cantona and former England captain Bryan Robson both hit in the tunnel leading to the dressing rooms.

Leeds United's re-emergence as a footballing force in 1991 meant they were soon back in Europe.

The club's fans had built up a reputation for violence during the previous decade, with major disturbances at Bradford, West Bromwich, Birmingham and Bournemouth.

Spanish police beat Chelsea fans during trouble in Zaragoza in 1995

Their early ventures back into Europe were fairly peaceful. But last month, a young Leeds supporter and his father were injured when they were attacked by Roma fans in the Italian capital before a Uefa cup tie.

In March 1997 several Manchester United fans were injured when police attacked them outside Porto's stadium after a Champions League match.

The Portuguese police were strongly criticised by supporters' spokesmen and MPs, including David Mellor, who later became head of the government's football taskforce.

Mr Mellor's phone-in programme on BBC Radio 5 Live has also been besieged in recent years by Chelsea fans bemoaning their treatment at the hands of police in Belgium, Italy and Turkey.

In 1995 there were violent scenes as Spanish police clashed with Chelsea fans during a match against Real Zaragoza.

But several hundred Chelsea fans escaped without trouble from their club's trip to Istanbul for a Champions' League clash with Galatasaray in October.

Despite a hostile reception for the team, there were few reports of violence and the Londoners came away with a 5-0 victory.