In pictures: Indian spice market feels heat

The global economic downturn has hit India's spice market, where exports have fallen in 2008-2009. (Words and pictures: Sambuddha Mitra Mustafi)

The downturn has been keenly felt in Asia's largest wholesale spice market, Khari Baoli in Delhi. It is in the historical part of the city, close to the famous Red Fort and has been operating since the 17th century.

The market was constructed along with a fortified gateway on its western end known as Lahori Gate. It was so named because a road through it led to the city of Lahore, now in Pakistan.

Ravinder Singh's father bought this shop after migrating from Pakistan during the 1947 partition. Now he runs the family business in turbulent economic times.

Aniseed used in tea as a remedy for rheumatism

The wide variety of spices is the soul of Indian cuisine. Apart from adding to the flavour and aroma of food, spices have health and nutritional benefits as well.

Khari Baoli is also a wholesale market for dried fruits. Indians are the largest consumers of dried fruits in Asia with a market of $1bn. They are especially in demand during the winter.

Road outside Khari Baoli market in Delhi

The heavily congested street near the market is lined on either side by shops selling spices, dry fruits and herbs. Loaders earn around $4 a day transporting the spices to retailers and exporters.

Pepper has been particularly affected by the downturn, with exports declining by 28% in volume and 20% in value. Importers, particularly US companies, are keeping low stocks resulting in lower exports.