Rahman is blamed for a bombing campaign
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The Supreme Court in Bangladesh has rejected an appeal against the death sentences of six militants convicted for their role in killing two judges.
The militants include Abdur Rahman, the head of the banned Islamic group Jamaatul Mujahideen, and his deputy Siddiqul Islam, known as Bangla Bhai.
They are among seven men sentenced earlier this year for killing the judges in the town of Jhalakati.
The judges were killed as part of the group's campaign against the judiciary.
One of those found guilty is still at large.
In August, the High Court upheld death sentences imposed against seven Islamic militants convicted for their role in killing two judges last year.
Legal experts say their death sentences can now only be commuted by the president.
Bomb thrown
During earlier hearings, Rahman said that he should be rewarded for the murders, which he claimed were carried out by Jamaatul Mujahideen Bangladesh (JMB) on the instructions of God.
Bombers targeted courts last year
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He refused to be represented by a lawyer and said he rejected a court based on the English legal system as opposed to Islamic law.
The JMB has been demanding the introduction of Sharia law in the country.
Rahman and Siddiqul Islam were arrested in March for killing the two judges in November, when a bomb was thrown at their car while it was going to the court.
The attack was part of a series of bombings across the country blamed on the JMB.
Rahman and Islam are accused in more than 20 cases, which left nearly 30 people dead.
Last August, some 500 bombs were set off in all but one of Bangladesh's 64 districts in the space of an hour.
A number of subsequent bomb attacks targeted judges and court rooms.
More than 100 cases have been filed against alleged members of the JMB in connection with the campaign.
The BBC's Waliur Rahman in Dhaka says that it is a legal requirement in Bangladesh that a trial court death sentence is reviewed and approved by the High Court and the Supreme Court.