France has the largest Muslim population in Western Europe
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To mark EU enlargement, Crossing Continents is focusing on Europe this summer to become Crossing Continents, Crossing Europe.
Mohammed is now the most common single name given to babies in Rome.
The European Union may still be a Christian club, but its leaders rule a growing and increasingly assertive Muslim minority.
More and more of Europe's politicians want to exert state control over what Imams preach.
Tim Whewell travels to Ireland, Holland and France to find out if this is a policy that can work.
What does it mean to be a European Muslim?
BBC Radio 4's Crossing Continents, Crossing Europe was broadcast on Thursday, 17 June, 2004 at 1100 BST.
The programme was repeated on Monday, 21 June 2004, at 2030 BST.
Producer and Presenter: Tim Whewell
Editor: Maria Balinska