In late 1968, Mexico was getting ready to host the Olympics. But social tensions were also simmering.
Student protests erupted in the country, as they did elsewhere in the world that year, provoking a strong reaction at times.
But there was little warning that the crackdown launched on 2 October would be so bloody.
Security forces opened fire on a crowd protesting against the government in Mexico City's Tlatelolco Square.
Hundreds were rounded up but the number of dead remains unclear to this day.
As the security forces continued the crackdown, the government said some 30 people, including police officers, had died.
But families of people who went missing, rights groups and the media believe the true figure is around 300.
There was an official silence about the massacre for many years and subsequent inquiries shed little light. No-one has ever been punished.
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