Shia Muslims across the world have been marking Ashura, the most sacred ceremony on their religious calendar.
Ashura marks the martyrdom of Imam Hussein, a grandson of Prophet Muhammad, in 680 AD.
About one million pilgrims have flocked to Iraq's holy city of Karbala to pay homage at the tomb of Imam Hussein.
Some Shia beat themselves with chains and blades to emulate Hussein's suffering - though this is frowned upon by others.
Others re-enact the death of Hussein who was killed in a battle near Karbala.
Ashura falls on the 10th of Muharram, the first month of the Islamic lunar calendar and is marked annually by a 10-day mourning period.
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