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Tuesday, March 16, 1999 Published at 14:43 GMT
1997-98: Second IRA ceasefire to the Nobel Peace Prize ![]() Gerry Adams parades in triumph after being returned to Parliament, May 1997 Parades In January 1997, the North Committee recommends the establishment of a Parades Commission to try to head off the violence of previous years. This body is formed on March 26, chaired by Alistair Graham.
Grand National halted An IRA bomb warning causes the evacuation of Aintree racecourse just before the Grand National on April 5. The race is run two days later. Elections Labour sweeps to power in the British general election. Tony Blair becomes Prime Minister and Mo Mowlam Northern Ireland Secretary. In Northern Ireland, Gerry Adams regains his seat in West Belfast. Shortly afterwards, Blair meets party leaders and visits Belfast. Contacts with Sinn Fein on an IRA ceasefire are broken off after the IRA kills two RUC officers. Blair says the "settlement train is leaving with or without Sinn Fein". In the Irish Republic, Bertie Ahern becomes Taoiseach after a narrow election win for Fianna Fail on June 6. Portadown Troops and police surround flashpoints in Portadown and allow an Orange march down the Garghavy Road on July 6. The march is followed by widespread violence with more than 600 petrol bombs thrown, 200 car hijackings and 500 attacks on the security forces. IRA ceasefire restored The IRA announces a second "complete cessation of military operations" from July 20, 1997. Two days later, Tony Blair says decommissioning should take place during talks from September until May 1998. The unionists still say they want weapons to be surrendered before talks start. Contacts Sinn Fein meets British government representatives on July 28 and Sinn Fein's Gerry Adams meets Mo Mowlam on August 6 - three weeks later she says Sinn Fein will be admitted to peace talks. Mitchell Principles On September 9, Sinn Fein affirms its commitment to the Mitchell Principles on democracy and non-violence. Three days afterwards, however, the IRA rejects the Principles. Talks begin Sinn Fein enters the talks on September 15. The unionists initially stay away but gradually return. By October 7, all sides sit down at Stormont to talks for the first time in 25 years.
Wright murder crisis LVF leader Billy Wright is killed inside the Maze Prison by the INLA on December 27, 1997. His death sparks off a cycle of deaths lasting until late January as loyalists exact revenge. Loyalist prisoners of the UFF and UDA vote for their political representatives to leave the talks but Mo Mowlam pays them a personal visit on January 9 and they reverse their decision. Suspension On January 23, 1998, the UFF admits taking part in three killings. On the 26th, the UDP, which is linked to the UFF, walks out of talks before it is expelled. Bloody Sunday Blair announces on January 29 an independent judicial inquiry into the Bloody Sunday killings of 1972. Sinn Fein suspended The IRA is blamed by the RUC for two killings. It says its ceasefire is still intact and Sinn Fein protests angrily when it is suspended from the talks on February 20 until March 9. Back in talks The UDP returns on February 23 and Sinn Fein eventually takes its seat again on March 23. Deadline On March 25, Senator Mitchell agrees a deadline of April 9 with the participants for a settlement in the multi-party talks and steps up the number of sessions being held. Agreement On 10th April 1998 the Good Friday Agreement was signed, concluding the multi-party talks successfully. Referendum campaign the 'Yes' campaign stage a rock concert in which the pop group U2 and David Trimble and John Hume all appear together on the same stage. Three days later referendums in the Republic of Ireland and Northern Ireland back the peace deal. Assembly On July 1, the first sitting of the Northern Ireland Assembly sees David Trimble of the UUP elected First Minister and Seamus Mallon of the SDLP elected Deputy First Minister by the Assembly members. |
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