Appointed to advise the Stephen Lawrence inquiry, the Right Reverend John Sentamu called for the definition of institutional racism in the report to be used by the church, police and government, as a "plumb line to judge its corporate life". He has argued that the church failed to monitor racism or create programmes for change maintaining a white, educated elite at its core that does not reflect the make-up of the congregation. Born in Uganda in 1949, he studied law, and became a Barrister and Advocate of the High Court of Uganda. A severe critic of the Amin regime for its violation of human rights, and especially the expulsion of Ugandan Asians, he left Uganda in 1974. He then studied Theology at Cambridge University where he received his doctorate. Ordained in 1979, after serving as Assistant Chaplain at Selwyn College, Cambridge and then Chaplain to Latchmere Remand Centre, he was vicar in Tulse Hill from 1983 until 1996 when he was consecrated as the Bishop for Stepney. He is one of only two bishops and about 200 clergy from ethnic minority backgrounds in the Church of England.